According to Henry Murray, option b, press best refers to need-relevant aspects of an individual's environment.
Henry Murray was an American psychologist in twentieth century who was the director at Harvard Psychological Clinic. In Harvard University, Murray conducted unethical psychologically abusive experiments on minor students and undergraduate students from 1959 to 1962.
Murray proposed a theory of personality, personology. According to Murray, an individual's personality dynamically changes as he/she responds to various events. Only a specific phase of individual's life is studied in psychology giving an incomplete picture of his/her whole life.
Murray suggested narrative approach of personology to study the individuals. Personology studied individuals at complex levels at the same time by investigators from multidisciplinary team. Murray described press as the environmental factors that generate the need for individual to behave in certain way.
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